FACTORS AFFECTING ENTREPRENEURIAL PERFORMANCE OF INFORMAL SECTOR ENTERPRISES IN BATURAJA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55744/kolegial.v7i1.82Kata Kunci:
formalisasi, sektor informal, pengusaha informal, usaha sektor informal, lokasi usahaAbstrak
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja kewirausahaan usaha sektor informal di Baturaja. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik sampel area, suatu metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan ketika tidak ada kerangka kerja lengkap yang tersedia. Data primer cross sectional dikumpulkan melalui observasi dan wawancara terstruktur. Data kemudian dianalisis menggunakan model regresi linier berganda dengan menggunakan SPSS agar memenuhi kriteria model, maka dilakukan uji normalitas, multikolinieritas, dan heteroskedastisitas. Hasil analisis mengungkapkan bahwa kinerja kewirausahaan dikaitkan dengan faktor-faktor yang digunakan adalah 28,50%; sedangkan sisanya 71,50% dapat dijelaskan oleh faktor-faktor lain, diperkuat dengan F (8; 71) = 4,934; P <0,001; R2 = 0,357; adjusted R2 = 0,285; membuktikan bahwa model ini layak untuk menjelaskan dan menghasilkan uji t. Dengan kata lain, model regresi linier berganda ini secara keseluruhan sangat signifikan. Terungkap bahwa modal awal berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja kewirausahaan usaha sektor informal (P = 0,001; P <0,05); modal kerja berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja kewirausahaan usaha sektor informal (P = 0,003; P <0,05); dan pekerjaan tenaga kerja secara signifikan mempengaruhi kinerja kewirausahaan usaha sektor informal di Baturaja (P = 0,032;P <0,05). Sebaliknya, tingkat pendidikan, lokasi usaha, waktu operasional, jenis kelamin, dan usia berdirinya usaha tidak ditemukan adanya pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kinerja kewirausahaan usaha sektor informal di Baturaja.
Kata Kunci: formalisasi, sektor
Referensi
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Thibault, M., A. Wilcock and V. Kanetkar. 2002. An Exploratory Study of Factors Influencing Sales Performance of Small and Medium–sized Enterprises. Proceedings of the Administrative Sciences association of Canada.Winnipeg. Manitoba.
Timmons, J.A, and Spinelli, S. (1994). New Venture Creation: Entrepreneurship For the 21st Century (Vol. 4). Boston: Irwin
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Wolfenson, J.D.(2001) Comparing the Performance of Male and Female–controlled Businesses: Relating Output to Inputs. Entreprenuership Theory and Practice. 26(3).Pp 91-100.
Zahra, S. A., Neubaum, D. O., & El?Hagrassey, G. M. 2002. Competitive Analysis and New Venture Performance: Understanding the Impact of Strategi
Berry, W. D., & Feldman, S. (1985). Multiple Regression in Practice. Sage University Paper Series on Quantitative Applications in the Social Sciences, series no. 07-050). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Bowen, M.K. 1997. Determinants of Rural Micro Enterprise Growth in Selected Northern Countys of Rift Valley Province in Kenya. Unpublished M.Sc Thesis. Egerton University.
Cooper, A.C. 1998. Findings on Predictors of Performance From Large-scale Research Program. Small Enterprises Research. The Journal of SEAANZ. 6(1) P 3-9.
Desjardins, Jeff. 2017. Here,s Why Small Businesses Fail. Business Insider. https://www.businessinsider.com/why-small-businesses-fail-infographic-2017-8/ ?IR=T. diakses pada tanggal 11 November 2018.
Fabayo, J.A. 2009. Small and Medium Enterprises Development Strategy: A ritical Option for Sustainable Long –Term Economic Development in Nigeria. A Paper Presented at the First Annual International Conference on Effective Management of Small and Medium Scale Enterprises for Sustainable Economic Development Held at Abraham Adesanya Polytechnic, Ijebu-Ode held from 25-27 August.
Faustine, Kede Ndouna and Roger Tsafack Nanfosso. 2017. Building entrepreneurship in Developing Countries: Evidence of the Role of Informal Activities in Increasing Entrepreneur Performance in Cameroun. Dschang School of Economy and Management, Microeconomic Center of Applied Economy. MPRA Paper No. 88665, posted 15 September 2018.
Fernhaber, S. A., & Li, D. 2010. The Impact of Interorganizational Limitation on New Venture International Entry and Performance. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 34(1), 1- 30. Forbes, D. P. (2005). The Effects of Strategic Decision Making on Entrepreneurial Self?Efficacy. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 29(5), 599-626.Harriss-White, B. 2010. Work and Wellbeing in Informal Economies: The Regulative Roles of Institutions of Identity and the State. World Development. 38: 170-183.
Hassan, N., 2003. Accommodating the Street Hawkers into Modern Urban Management in Kuala Lumpur. In Accomodating the Street Hawkers in Kuala Lumpur. Kuala Lumpur. pp. 1–10.
ILO. 2002. Conclusions concerning decent work and the informal economy, International Labour Conference, 90th Session. Geneva.
Kusakabe, Kyoko.2014. Street-vending Policies and Practice: A Case Study of Bangkok. Asian Institute of Technology. Pahtumthani, Thailand. An ILO funded paper. Maloney, W. F. 2004. Informality Revisited. World Development 32: 1159-1178.
Maneepong, C. & Walsh, J.C. 2013. A New Generation of Bangkok Street Vendors: Economic Crisis as Opportunity and Threat. Cities, 34, pp.37–43. Available at: dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2012.11.002.
Mead, D. C., & Morrisson, C. 1996. The Informal Sector Elephant. World Development, 24: 1611- 1619.
Honig, B. 1998. “What Determines Success? Examining the Human, Financial, and Social Capital of Jamaican Micro entrepreneurs. Journal of Business Venturing. 13, 371–394.
ILO. 2002. Decent Work and the Informal Economy: Report of the Director-General. International Labour Conference. 90th Session Report VI. International Labour Office. Geneva.
ILO. 2004. Measuring Informal Economy. Paper. Geneva,
ILO. 2004a. “Measuring the informal economy: From employment in the informal sector to informal employment”, Working Paper No. 53 (Geneva, ILO Bureau of Statistics) Available at http://www.ilo.org/dyn/infoecon
ILO. 2004b. Defining and measuring informal employment, document prepared for the Subcommittee on Statistics of the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, Bangkok Available at http://www.unescap.org/stat/sos1/sos1_11e.pdf
ILO. 2013. Measuring Informality: A Statistical Manual on the informal Sector and Informal Employment. International Labour Office. Geneva
Itaddy, F. F., and El Matouat, A. 2014. Analyse de La Performance des Unités Microentrepreneuriales Financées par Les Institutions de Microfinance de Brazzaville. Les cahiers de l'association tiers-monde, No. 29, 167-178. in XXIXES journées sur le développement, économie informelle et développement: emploi, financement et régulations dans un contexte de crise 6, 7 et Juin 2013. Université Paris-Est-Créteil.
Lerner, M. ,Brush,C., and Hisrich,R. .1997. Israel Women Entreprenuer: An Examination of Factors Affecting Performance. Journal of Business Venturing 12 (4) Pp 315-339.
Mallaye, D., U. T. Yogo, B. Koulké and Nan-guer. 2014. Characteristics of Entrepreneurs and Performance of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Post Conflict State: Evidence from Chad. Center for Economic Policy Research. PEDL project.
Montgomery, Dauglas C. and George C. Runger. 2003. Applied Statistic and Probability for Engineers. John Wiley & Sons. New York City, USA.
Murphy, G. B., Trailer, J. W., & Hill, R. C. 1996. Measuring Performance in Entrepreneurship Research. Journal of Business Research. 36(1), 15-23.
Ngui, D.M. 2008. Determinants of the Informal Sector Performance in the Semi-Arid Areas of Kenya. Working Paper No. 13. Martin Luther University, Germany.
Ongile, G. and McCormick, D. 1997. Barriers to Small Enterprise Growth: Evidence from Nairobis Garment Industry. In McCormick, D and Perderson, P.O (Eds). Small.
Osborne, Jason W. and Elaine Waters. Four Assumptions Of Multiple Regression That Researchers Should Always Test. North Carolina State University and University of Oklahoma Practical Assessment, Research, and Evaluation, 8(2).
Parker, S. 2009. The Economics of Entrepreneurship. Cambridge University press, Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore.
Patel, P. C., & Conklin, B. 2012. Perceived Labor Productivity in Small Firms—The Effects of High?Performance Work Systems and Group Culture Through Employee Retention. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 36(2), 205-235
Sriwijaya Post. Senin 31 Oktober 2016. http://palembang.tribunnews.com /2016/10/31/ jumlah-ukm-di-oku-mencapai-75622 unit. Diakses pada tanggal 4 April 2018
Tabachnick, B. G., Fidell, L. S. (2001). Using Multivariate Statistics (4th edition.). Allyn and Bacon Needham Heights, MA.
Thibault, M., A. Wilcock and V. Kanetkar. 2002. An Exploratory Study of Factors Influencing Sales Performance of Small and Medium–sized Enterprises. Proceedings of the Administrative Sciences association of Canada.Winnipeg. Manitoba.
Timmons, J.A, and Spinelli, S. (1994). New Venture Creation: Entrepreneurship For the 21st Century (Vol. 4). Boston: Irwin
Venkatraman, N. & Ramanujam, V. 1986. Measurement of Business Performance in Strategy Research: A Comparison of Approaches. Academy of Management Review. 11, 801–814.
Wiralaga, H.R.2018. Comparative Study of Informal Business Enterprises in Baturaja. Jurnal Kolegial. Volume 6 p 1-15. LPPM-STIE Dwi Sakti Baturaja.
Wolfenson, J.D.(2001) Comparing the Performance of Male and Female–controlled Businesses: Relating Output to Inputs. Entreprenuership Theory and Practice. 26(3).Pp 91-100.
Zahra, S. A., Neubaum, D. O., & El?Hagrassey, G. M. 2002. Competitive Analysis and New Venture Performance: Understanding the Impact of Strategi
